Urology.

Stone Composition in Patients Who Undergo Renal Stone Surgery: Review of 423 Stone Analyses in Southern Iran

Assessing clinical reasoning skills using Script Concordance Test (SCT) and extended matching questions (EMQs): A pilot for urology trainees

Introduction: Clinical reasoning skill is the core of medicalcompetence. Commonly used assessment methods for medicalcompetence have limited ability to evaluate critical thinking andreasoning skills. Script Concordance Test (SCT) and ExtendedMatching Questions (EMQs) are the evolving tests which areconsidered to be valid and reliable tools for assessing clinicalreasoning and judgment. We perfor...

Ginkgetin induces apoptosis in 786-O cell line via suppression of JAK2-STAT3 pathway

Objective(s): Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is insensitive to conventional chemotherapy. Ginkgetin effectively treats several carcinoma cells. However, little is known about effects of Ginkgetin on RCC. In the present study, using 786-O cells, we evaluate whether Ginkgetin exerts anticancer effects against RCC. Materials and Methods: 786-O cells suspended in the medium containing Ginkgetin were c...

Fear and Panic of COVID-19

Ozone therapy could attenuate tubulointerstitial injury in adenine-induced CKD rats by mediating Nrf2 and NF-κB

Objective(s): This study aims to determine the effects of ozone therapy on restoring impaired Nrf2 activation to ameliorate chronic tubulointerstitial injury in rats with adenine-induced CKD. Materials and Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with 0.75% adenine-containing diet to induce CKD and chronic tubulointerstitial injury. Ozone therapy was administered by rectal insufflation. After 4 we...

Scrotal Herniation of Bladder: A Case Report

Inguinal bladder hernia is a rare clinical condition, with 1–3% of all inguinal hernias involving the bladder. Any portion of the bladder may herniate, from a small portion or a diverticulum to most of the bladder. We present a 55-year-old male with an intermittent right scrotal mass of 6 months’ duration. The mass lesion protruded through the right inguinal canal before voiding and reduced aft...